Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys (Part 1)
author: YITECH
2025-02-20
Aluminium and aluminium alloys have become increasingly popular in the aerospace industry due to their lightweight and strong properties, revolutionizing the way aircrafts are built, now let's learn something about these two kinds material...
Classification of aluminium and aluminium alloys
Aluminum and aluminum alloy four-digit marking series according to EN573-1 standard:
①1000 series: pure aluminum AL≥99.0% such as 1050; Good corrosion resistance, good plasticity, low strength, easy to weld.
②2000 series: the main alloy composition Cu such as 2219; High strength, corrosion resistance, easy to crack.
③3000 series: the main alloy composition Mn such as 3003; Good corrosion resistance, reduced plasticity, easy to crack.
④4000 series: the main alloy composition Si such as 4043; Can be used as solder; For example, ER4043. After anodizing, it is gray and black, with required attention to the surface.
⑤5000 series: The main alloy composition Mg such as 5083; Can be used as solder, such as ER5356; The strength increases, the plasticity decreases, and the corrosion resistance decreases.
⑥6000 series: the main alloy composition Mg-Si such as 6061; Good corrosion resistance, high strength, no corresponding welding material, can use ER4043 welding wire welding, but the strength is reduced by 50%, the welding area is seriously softened and easy to crack.
⑦7000 series: The main alloy composition Zn such as 7075; The corrosion resistance is poor, the strength is high, there is no corresponding welding material, the ER4043 welding wire can be used, but the strength is reduced by 50%, and the welding area is seriously softened and easy to crack.
⑧8000 Series: Other components.
Aluminium and aluminium alloy status code
①3, 4, 5 series for non-heat treatment strengthened aluminum alloy.
②2, 6, 7 series for heat treatment strengthened aluminum alloy.
Uses of aluminium and aluminium alloys
①1 series aluminum
1050 Food, chemical, fireworks powder.
1060 corrosion resistance and formability are high, strength is not high, chemical equipment is its typical use.
1100 has good formability and high corrosion resistance, strength is not high, chemical products, food industry.
1145 Packaging and insulation aluminum foil, heat exchanger.
1199 electrolytic capacitor foil, optical reflective deposition film.
1350 Conductor twisted wire, wire, transformer strip.
②2 series aluminum alloy
2011 Good cutting performance.
2014 High temperature strength, rocket first stage fuel tank.
2017 The current application range is narrow, mainly for rivets and propellers.
2024 Aircraft structures, rivets, missile components, truck wheels, propeller components.
2036 Auto body sheet metal parts.
2048 Aerospace structural parts and weapons structural parts.
2124 aerospace spacecraft structural components.
2218 Aircraft engine and diesel engine pistons and aircraft engine cylinder heads.
2219 rocket oxidizer tank, supersonic aircraft skin, operating temperature of -270~300℃. Good weldability, high fracture toughness, T8 state has a high resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
2618 Die forging and free forging. Piston and aeroengine parts.
2A01 Structural rivet with operating temperature less than or equal to 100℃.
2A02 Axial compressor blade of turbojet engine with operating temperature of 200~300℃.
2A06 Aircraft structure with working temperature 150~250℃ and aircraft structure rivets with working temperature 125~250℃.
2A10 is stronger than 2A01 and is used to manufacture aircraft rivets at operating temperatures less than 100 ° C.
2A11 Medium strength, propeller blades, bolts and rivets.
③3 series aluminum alloy
3003 is used for processing parts that need to have good formability, high corrosion resistance and good weldability, or those that require these properties and need to have higher strength than 1 series aluminum; Such as kitchenware, chemical products processing and storage devices, with sheet processing of various pressure vessels and pipelines.
3004 All-aluminum can body, requiring components with higher strength than 3003 alloy, chemical product storage devices, sheet workpieces and building tools, various lighting parts.
3105 movable room board, sheet forming workpiece, bottle cap, bottle stopper, etc.
3A21 aircraft fuel tank, oil duct, building materials and food and other industrial equipment.
④4 series aluminum alloy
Aluminum silicon welding wire ER4043:
Performance characteristics: This product is silicon 5% alloy welding wire, suitable for welding cast aluminum alloy. Resistant to thermal cracking, all aluminum alloys and castings except aluminum magnesium alloys. Low strength, good plasticity, general corrosion resistance, good weldability, good thermal cracking resistance, used in ships, locomotives, chemicals, food, sports equipment, molds, furniture, containers, containers.
⑤5 series aluminum alloy
5005 is similar to 3003 alloys with moderate strength and good corrosion resistance. Used as wire conductor, instrument panel, cooker. The anodized film is brighter than the oxide film on 3003 and harmonizes with the hue of the 6063 alloy.
5050 sheet can be used as the lining plate of refrigerator and refrigerator, automobile gas pipe, oil pipe and agricultural irrigation pipe; It can also process thick plate, pipe, bar, shaped material and wire.
5052 alloy has good formability, corrosion resistance and medium fatigue strength. Used in the manufacture of aircraft fuel tanks, oil pipes, as well as vehicles, ships sheet metal parts, instruments, street lamp brackets and rivets.
5056 for zippers, cable sheathing rivets, etc.
5083 for applications requiring high corrosion resistance, good weldability and moderate strength, such as ship, automobile and aircraft plate welds; Pressure vessels, refrigeration units, drilling equipment, TV towers, transportation equipment, missile components, etc. that require strict fire protection.
5086 is used for applications requiring high corrosion resistance, good weldability and moderate strength, such as ships, automobiles, aircraft, cryogenic equipment, TV towers, decks, drilling equipment, transportation equipment, missile parts, etc.
5154 Welded structures, storage tanks, pressure vessels, ship structures and offshore installations, transport tanks.
5454 Welded structures, pressure vessels, pipelines for Marine facilities.
5456 Armor plate, pressure vessel, high strength welded structure, storage tank, ship material.
5457 Polished and anodized decorative parts for automobiles and other equipment.
5652 Storage containers for hydrogen peroxide and other chemical products.
5657 Polished and anodized automotive equipment.
5A02 Aircraft fuel tank and conduit, welding wire, rivets, Marine structural parts.
5A03 can be used in place of 5A02 alloy, medium strength, welding container, welding wire.
5A05 Welded structural parts, aircraft skin skeleton.
5A06 (LF6) Welded structure, cold die forging parts, welded tension container force parts, aircraft skin and bone parts.
⑥6 series aluminum alloy
6005 Extruded profiles for ladders, TV antennas, etc.
6009 Car body plate.
6010 Car body.
6061 contains Si and Mg components to form magnesium silicide phase, high corrosion resistance, strength second only to 2 series and 7 series aluminum alloys.
6063 Construction profiles, irrigation pipes and extruded materials for vehicles, benches, furniture, fences, etc.
6066 Forging and welding extrusion materials.
6070 Heavy duty welded structures and extruded materials and pipes for the automotive industry.
6101 High strength bars, electrical conductors and heat dissipation equipment for 6101 buses.
6151 Used for forging crankshaft parts, has good forging performance, high strength, good corrosion resistance.
6201 High strength conductive bar and wire.
6205 Thick plates, pedals and high impact extrusions. 6262 requires threaded high-stress parts with better corrosion resistance than 2011 and 2017 alloys.
6351 Extrusion structural parts of vehicles, water, oil and other pipelines.
6463 Building profiles and automotive trim with bright surfaces after anodizing.
6A02 Aircraft engine parts, forgings and die forgings with complex shapes.
⑦7 series aluminum alloy
7005 is an extruded material used to manufacture welded structures with both high strength and high fracture toughness, such as containers, trusses, rods, large heat exchangers for transportation vehicles, and parts that cannot be soldered after welding; It is also used in the manufacture of sports equipment such as tennis rackets and softball bats.
7075 contains Al, Zn, Ag, Cu; It is a kind of high-strength deformation aluminum alloy that can be strengthened by heat treatment, and a large number of dispersive strengthening phases are deposited after quenching and aging to strengthen the alloy, which is widely used in aviation, aerospace and other important fields. 7075 aluminum alloy is not recommended for welding, if the structure is complex, it is recommended to use electron beam welding, but the welding process will produce a lot of residual stress. In the subsequent machining process, these residual stresses will be released, leading to the instability of the shape and size of the part, and the phenomenon of warping. So far, there is no special welding material for 7075 aluminum alloy in the world, if the use of ER4043 welding wire, it will greatly reduce the strength and performance of the weld.
DongGuan YiTai Electronic Technologies Co.,Ltd
DongGuan YiTai Electronic Technologies Co.,Ltd is a manufacturing service provider located in Dongguan, China.
YiTai specialized in CNC turning machining and sheet metal fabrication mainly. As a member of Hung Mou Group, we focus on the overseas marketing development. And based on our parent company’s manufacturing capability and resources, YiTai also expended machining services such as die casting, injection molding, aluminum profile extrusion, 3D printing, which are committed to providing customers with one-stop purchasing services and experience.
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Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys (Part 2)
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