What Is Laser Cutting?

author: YITECH

2024-06-27

Laser cutting is a technology that uses a high-concentration energy beam generated by a laser to cut materials such as metals, non-metals and alloys

Laser cutting is a technology that uses a high-concentration energy beam generated by a laser to cut materials such as metals, non-metals and alloys, which has the advantages of high precision, fast cutting speed, smooth cutting surface, no pollution, and is suitable for cutting of various shapes and materials. Laser-cutting machines are widely used in various production and processing in the fields of automobiles, construction, rail transportation, ships, machinery manufacturing, etc.

Laser cutting has the following advantages and disadvantages

Advantages

1. High precision: After the laser beam is focused, the diameter is only a few microns, which can achieve high-precision cutting, the minimum cutting size can reach several millimeters, and the cutting gap is small.
2. Fast cutting speed: Since the focused laser beam is a high-energy density energy flow, it can evaporate and cut the material in a very short time, so the cutting speed is faster than the traditional method.
3. High cutting efficiency: The laser beam can cut various rigid and thin film materials, and the thin plate cutting effect is outstanding, avoiding the errors caused by manual operation and improving production efficiency.
4. Can meet complex cutting needs: Due to the high precision of laser beam control, it can cut various complex shapes and can cut multiple materials at the same time.

Disadvantages

1. Limited cutting thickness: The cutting thickness of laser cutting is between 2-20 mm. When the material exceeds this range, the laser energy is difficult to fully penetrate the material, affecting the cutting quality.
2. Uneven edges after cutting: Due to the huge energy impact of high temperature and high pressure caused by laser cutting on the surface of the material, it is easy to cause welding of the cutting edge, resulting in uneven surface of the cutting edge.
3. High cutting cost: The laser and cutting machine required for laser cutting are expensive, and the high production cost may affect the application scope of cutting.
4. Limited materials: Due to the characteristics and principles of laser cutting, for some special materials, such as metals with high reflectivity, the quality and efficiency of laser cutting are easy to deteriorate.

Laser cutting technology has the advantages of high precision, high speed and high efficiency, and is widely used in many fields, such as:

1. Metal processing: Laser cutting can cut various metal materials, such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper, titanium, etc., and is widely used in metal processing fields, such as metal parts, automobile manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, etc.
2. Building decoration: Laser cutting can cut various decorative materials, such as granite, marble, tiles, glass, etc.
3. Electronic manufacturing: Laser cutting can be used to produce various electronic components, semiconductor devices, LED lighting and other products, such as PCB boards, display screens, circuit boards, etc.
4. Medical equipment: Laser cutting can be used to produce various medical devices and their accessories, such as optical fibers, artificial joints, etc.

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