Commonly used plastic materials and characteristics --ABS

author: YITECH

2024-10-21

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ABS(Super non-breakable glue)

ABS performance:

ABS is synthesized from three chemical monomers: acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. Each monomer has different characteristics: acrylonitrile has high strength, thermal stability and chemical stability; Butadiene has the properties of toughness and impact resistance. Styrene is easy to process, high finish and high strength. The polymerization of the three monomers produces a terpolymer with two phases, a continuous phase of styrene-acrylonitrile and a dispersed phase of polybutadiene rubber.)

From the form point of view, ABS is a non-crystalline material, with high mechanical strength and good "hard, tough, steel" comprehensive performance. It is an amorphous polymer, ABS is a general engineering plastic, its variety, a wide range of uses, also known as "general plastic", (MBS called transparent ABS), ABS easy moisture absorption, specific gravity of 1.05g/cm3 (slightly heavier than water), low shrinkage (0.60%), stable size, easy molding processing.

The characteristics of ABS mainly depend on the ratio of the three monomers and the molecular structure in the two phases. This allows for great flexibility in product design, and has resulted in hundreds of different quality ABS materials on the market. These different quality materials provide different characteristics, such as medium to high impact resistance, low to high finish and high temperature distortion characteristics. ABS material has superior machinability, appearance characteristics, low creep and excellent dimensional stability and high impact strength.

ABS is a light yellow granular or beaded opaque resin, non-toxic, tasteless, low water absorption, with good comprehensive physical and mechanical properties, such as excellent electrical properties, wear resistance, dimensional stability, chemical resistance and surface gloss, and easy to process and form. Disadvantages are weather resistance, poor heat resistance, and flammable.

ABS process characteristics：

1. The moisture absorption and humidity sensitivity of ABS are large, and it must be fully dried and preheated before forming and processing (drying at 80~90C for at least 2 hours), and the moisture content is controlled below 0.03%.

2. The melt viscosity of ABS resin is less sensitive to temperature (different from other amorphous resins).

Although the injection temperature of ABS is slightly higher than PS, it can not have a loose heating range like PS, and can not use blind heating to reduce its viscosity, and can increase the screw speed or injection pressure to improve its fluidity. The general processing temperature is 190-235℃.

3. The melting viscosity of ABS is medium, higher than PS, HIPS and AS, and a higher injection pressure (500~1000bar) should be used.

4. The effect of ABS material with injection speed such as medium and high speed is better. (unless the shape is complex, thin-walled parts require a higher injection speed), the product is easy to produce gas marks.

5. ABS molding temperature is high, and its mold temperature is generally adjusted at 25-70℃.

When producing larger products, the temperature of the fixed die (front die) is generally about 5 ° C higher than that of the dynamic die (back die). (Mold temperature will affect the finish of plastic parts, lower temperature will lead to lower finish)

6. ABS should not stay in the high-temperature barrel for too long (should be less than 30 minutes), otherwise it is easy to decompose and yellow.

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